Jilin University Team Releases Y-Hand M2, the Globally Highest Degree-of-Freedom Biomimetic Dexterous Hand

For humanoid robots, what truly determines whether they can enter real-world scenarios and accomplish general tasks is not only how fast they can run or how high they can jump, but also that pair of hands capable of interacting with the world.

Recently, a biomorphic dexterous hand named Y-Hand M2 has attracted widespread attention from the industry.

This biomimetic dexterous hand is an industrialization achievement of the internationally pioneering 'Biomimetic Tensile-Compressive Body Robot Theory and Technology' developed by Professor Ren Lei, a distinguished professor at Jilin University.

It is currently the most highly degrees-of-freedom bionic dexterous hand in the world.

Recently,

its internal precise bionic structure was first publicly revealed at the Jilin University Academic Achievements Exhibition.

The bionic tensile-compressive body robot technology system was created by Professor Ren Lei based on his more than twenty years of in-depth research on the functional principles of the human nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems, as well as his continuous innovative engineering practices in the field of bionic robots.

The bionic tensile-compressive body robot is

a drive, speed reduction, transmission, perception, computation, and control integrated system composed of spatial topology structure characterized tensile soft tissues and compressive hard tissues, which overturns the traditional rigid hinge design and recreates the three-dimensional six degrees-of-freedom natural motion of biological joints.

It significantly enhances joint flexibility and compliance; based on self-developed magnetic collector-driven artificial muscles technology, it recreates the biomechanical characteristics of human skeletal muscles, achieving high power density ratio drive, speed reduction, and transmission integration; based on the bionic rigid-soft coupling multi-level integrated design of the human nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems, it realizes system-level power transmission, energy management, and environmental interaction.

The bionic tensile-compressive body dexterous hand developed based on this technology has been mass-produced and applied in Beijing Dachiquequan Bionic Technology, forming the Y-Hand product series.

Among them, the Y-Hand M2 has 38 degrees-of-freedom, making it the most highly degrees-of-freedom bionic dexterous hand in the world.

This time, the internal precise bionic design of the bionic dexterous hand Y-Hand M2 was fully disclosed to the public, showing the core components, covering mechanical structure, drive transmission system, perception and control system.

Among them, the mechanical system is composed of bionic bones and cartilage, three-dimensional joint surfaces, and super material braided ligament system, achieving ultra-high degrees-of-freedom human-like dexterous, compliant, and natural motion through rigid-soft coupling; the drive system adopts the self-developed YQ Motors series motor and YQ Muscles artificial muscle modules, achieving high-quality power density ratio human-like skeletal muscle drive; the transmission system supports cross-joint power transmission and multi-muscle coordinated motion through the bionic morphology and topology design of the tendon-tendon sheath network system, achieving system-level power transmission and energy management of the entire hand; the perception system acquires tactile and proprioceptive information through multi-source encoders, force sensors, etc.; the control system adopts the pulse neural network similar to the human nervous and muscular system, visual-tactile fusion, and muscle proprioception to realize bionic dexterous grasping and control motion, reproducing highly human-like compliant flexibility and natural smooth environmental interaction.

After extensive real machine testing, the Y-Hand M2

comprehensively outperforms traditional rigid hands in five core performance aspects: strength, speed, precision, flexibility, and compliance

Successfully broke through the long-standing technical bottlenecks of dexterous robotic hands, solving industry challenges such as ``the difficulty of balancing force and speed'' ``the inability to simultaneously achieve high compliance and high precision'' and ``the imbalance between high load capacity and dexterous control''. The Y-Hand M2 can successfully

Completed all 33 categories of human-like dexterous manipulation with a success rate of 96%, approaching human hand levels, among which most dexterous manipulation movements are beyond the capability of traditional rigid hands.

When the Y-Hand M2 is mounted on a humanoid robot platform for operation, it can successfully handle objects of various shapes such as cubes, spheres, and irregularly shaped objects, as well as adaptively grasp and manipulate objects of different material types such as thin, fragile, and soft deformable materials.

Currently, the Y-Hand M2 has moved out of the laboratory and achieved mass production, becoming a biomorphic dexterous hand product that can be stably delivered and widely applied.

It provides new biomorphic technical solutions for numerous fields such as smart manufacturing, aerospace, inspection and maintenance, medical health, and home care and elderly care.

It also provides original theoretical and technical support for the country to seize the global leadership in embodied intelligent robot industry.

END

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