Interaction-Aware Sampling-Based Motion Planning for Autonomous Surface Vessels in Urban Waterways
This paper introduces a decentralized motion planner using model predictive path integral control for autonomous surface vessels in urban waterways. The method jointly plans trajectories for the ego vessel and predicts other vessels' paths to handle interactions, encoding traffic rules as discontinuous costs. Evaluated on real maps of Amsterdam canals with 780 randomized runs, it achieves collision-free goal reaching and outperforms optimization-based baselines. Physical validation on two scaled prototypes confirms onboard planning at 10 Hz successfully resolving head-on and crossing encounters without collisions or rule violations.