Powered by muscle cells, a paper-thin robot swims through a watery maze
MIT engineers have developed a soft, paper-thin robot that swims through water using a single layer of genetically engineered muscle cells. The robot's 'fins' are covered with live muscle cells that twitch in response to light, allowing it to flap and navigate through a watery maze. The study demonstrates the potential of biohybrid robots for delicate aquatic tasks, with the robot achieving a swimming speed of about four times its body length per minute.